CIs significance levels on humans’ crisis responses:
With residents’ responses in Q1, this research calculated the average impact levels for the nine CIs subsectors on their response activities. The results were illustrated in Table 2. The ranks in Table 2 reflect the significance of CIs various sectors in supporting humans’ crisis responses. For instance, the top two CIs subsectors in Table 2 are related to the affected humans’ basic needs such as the drinking water system supporting their water needs, and the electricity and fuels supporting them to make food.

Humans’ information needs of CIs conditions:
For the replies to Q2-Q6, this project has quantified the level of affected people’s information needs of CIs’ 19 information items. The results were presented in Table 3. Here takes the WWS sector as an example. In Table 3, we can see the affected citizens prioritized the drinking water system at their top needs including Drinking water system 1 and Drinking water system 2 (see details in Table 1). This phenomenon is reasonable as the drinking water system fulfills the affected people’s basic needs for drinking water. Contrary to the drinking water system, the affected people were less concerned about the sewer system (rank 12 for two sewer system items). When referring to whether the sewer system contaminates the drinking water sources (rank 7), the affected citizens presented more concerns than that to the sewer system. Additionally, the affected citizens in PSJ showed less interest in the stormwater system including stormwater system 1 (rank 11) and stormwater system 2 (rank 13).

Evaluation of ICI-IN effectiveness for community resilience:
Two fault tree models for the impacts of CIs failures on humans’ crisis response were established as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The example scenario is designed as follows. Hurricane Michael came to PSJ, Florida, and some roads were affected by the hurricane. Humans in PSJ needed to evacuate from their houses. Without the IoT enabled CIs information network (ICI-IN), Figure 1 shows how the lack of road/traffic conditions bring in the failures in humans’ evacuation activities. The failure in evacuation activities can further fail humans’ crisis responses. Figure 2 illustrates how the disaster impacts on the road network or traffic can impact humans’ crisis responses with the involvement of the ICI-IN. When there are disaster impacts on road network/traffic conditions and the failure of ICI-IN happened, we can see humans will lack road/traffic conditions. As a result, the implementation of the ICI-IN can reduce the probability of lack of road/traffic conditions, which can further increase community resilience.